閱讀理解專項訓練

陳覺法

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Artist Zsudayka Nzinga Terrell talked about her family?s history， “My people were brought here on the bottom of a ship. They were sold and re-named. My dad?s side of the family took the last name of his job， butlers. My mom?s side of the family took the last name of the plantation （大農場）.” Today， she and her husband， artist James Terrell， explore that identity in their work. Their new exhibit of paintings recently in Manassas， Virginia is called “Born at the Bottom of the Ship”.

Over the generations， Africans became African Americans with a new culture， and Nzinga Terrell includes different parts of that story in her art. There are things that look like African cloth and design and things that make you think of American culture. An example is “Hope and Grace”， a painting of two women wearing colorful clothes with traditional African patterns. Pointing to their hair， she says， “They have these big afros （非洲發型） so it could be 1960， it could be 2018.”

James Terrell?s style is more abstract. Mami Wata， the first painting visitors see in the exhibit， shows a woman rising from the ocean. Terrell explains， “Mami Wata is a goddess of the sea... There?s no light going through; there?s not a lot of color being seen， as opposed to the other ones. So， it?s just showing the time of the slaves being brought to America.”

But he also likes to play with color. Growing up， Terrell attended a church with colored glass windows， and he learned how light goes through the windows. He makes lines in his painting that look like the lines between pieces of colored glass in the church windows. His works show how he sees himself as an African American. He wants the people in his painting to look happy， hopeful and strong.

Visitors to the art exhibit say they see themselves and their family members in the works. They like the different kinds of people in the paintings because they know many Americans come from other countries and cultures.

1. What does their ancestors being re-named imply？

A. When in Rome， do as Romans do. B. They belonged to a certain slaveholder.

C. The black slaves didn?t have any freedom. D. Slave owners treated them like a family.

2. What does Nzinga tend to indicate with the last sentence in Para. 2？

A. Africans stick to old ways. B. She has been over 50 years old.

C. Much has changed over the decades. D. They?ll never forget their own culture.

3. How does James reflect the tragic content in his paintings？

A. With dim background. B. With sea water and gods.

C. With glass windows??reflection. D. Through character?s expression.

4. What do you learn from the last paragraphs？

A. His life was full of suffering. B. Most of the visitors were black.

C. James once went to a church school. D. James?s experience led to his career.

B

Modern life often presents us with a problem. Our ethics （倫理學） and thoughts conflict with the needs of daily life. Many products we buy may cause harm to animals， the environment， or people. However， the latest diet trend—pegan—tries to solve it and combine nutrition with ethics. “This way of eating makes the most sense for our health and the health of our planet. It is sustainable （可持續的） and kinder to animals，” Dr Mark Hyman， the creator of the trend， told The Telegraph.

Pegan combines “paleo” and “vegan”， two popular diets that are opposites. Vegans （純素食主義）， like vegetarians， don?t eat meat. However， they don?t eat eggs， dairy， or other animal products either. Veganism is an ethical choice for people who care about the environment and the cruelty of modern animal farming. Paleos， on the other hand， eat lots of meat and fruit， while avoiding grains and dairy. For paleos， it?s about proper nutrition. They want to bring back the diet of prehistoric humans to modern society， saying that we did not evolve to eat bread and cheeses. They will order a hamburger without the bun.

Both diets lack dairy products like cheese and yogurt. The rest is a compromise. About 75 percent of a pegan diet should be fruits and vegetables. It is not a bad thing because “they are rich in fiber for a healthy body and are low in calories which can help keep a healthy weight”， Dietician Chloe Hall told the HuffPost.

What about meat？ In the pegan diet， meat becomes a side dish. According to the US Geological Survey， the meat for a hamburger needs more than 1，700 liters of water. So we should all eat less meat.

People may have different opinions about how to eat healthily. But， as a way of life， it?s important to “establish routines that are simple... and livable”， a US doctor Arthur Agatston posted on social media platform Twitter.

1. What do you know about the diet vegan？

A. A diet based on meat. B. A diet based on milk and eggs.

C. A 50/50 diet of meat and vegetables. D. A diet based on fruits and vegetables.

2. What do people do in a “compromise”？

A. They cut down on meat. B. They give up eating meat.

C. Both sides give in to a degree. D. Both sides only eat vegetables.

3. Why does the author say “we should all eat less meat” in Para. 4？

A. To save resources. B. To have a good health.

C. To protect animals. D. To protect environment.

4. Which should be the best title for the text？

A. Paleo or vegan？ B. Eating for our ethics.

C. What diet is healthier？ D. Evolution of eating patterns.