發電廠的類型（二）

NS Energy

上期文章介紹了用核能、水力和燃煤三種能源發電的的發電廠，本期文章我們來了解下用柴油、地熱和燃氣三種能源發電的發電廠吧。

Diesel-fired power plants

Using diesel as the fuel， this type of power plantis used for small-scale production of electric power.

They are linstalled in places where there is no easy availability of alternative power sources and are mainly used as a 2lbackup for uninterrupted power supply whenever there are 3）outages.

Diesel plants require only a small area to be installed and offer higher thermal efficiency compared to coal-fired power plants.

Due to high 4）maintenance costs and diesel prices， the power plants have not gained popularity at the same rate as other types of power generation plants such as steam and hydro.

Geothermal power plants

The installed 5）capacity of geothermal energy has bgradually increased worldwide over the past decade， up from just short of 10 GW in 2010to almost 14 GW in 2019.

Geothermal power plants are considered to be environmentally friendly and emit lower levels of harmful gases compared with coal-fired power plants.

Gas-fired power plants

A gas-fired power plants burns natural gas-a rapidly growing energy source across the world-to generate electricity.

Although natural gas is a 7fossil fuel， the emissions produced from its 8combustion are much lower than those from coal or oil， according to a study by the Union of Concerned Scientists.

Data from the International Energy Agency （lEA） shows that gas-fired power generation expanded by 3% in 2019， taking its power generation in the global mix to 23%.

1） install 【Insto：I】v.安裝

2） backup 【'baekxp】 n.備份

3） outage 【'avtld3】 n.停電期

4） maintenance 【melntenans】n.保養，維護

5） capacity 【ka'paesati】 n.容量

6） gradually 【'graed3uali】 adv.逐漸地

7） fossil 【n'st：l】n.化石

8） combustion 【kem'bastfen】n.燃燒

柴油發電廠

這種類型的發電廠使用柴油作為燃料，用于小規模生產電力。

它們安裝在無法輕易找到備用電源的地方，并且主要用作發生斷電時不間斷電源的備用電源。

與燃煤發電廠相比，柴油發電廠僅需在一個很小的區域進行安裝，即可提供更高的熱效率。

由于高昂的維護成本和柴油價格，柴油發電廠沒有像其他類型的發電廠（如蒸汽和水力發電廠）那樣受歡迎。

地熱發電廠

在過去的十年中，全球地熱能的裝機容量逐漸增加，從2010年的不足10吉瓦增加到2019年的近14吉瓦。

與燃煤發電廠相比，地熱發電廠被認為對環境友好，排放的有害氣體水平更低。燃氣發電廠

燃氣發電廠燃燒天然氣（一種在世界范圍內迅速發展的能源）來發電。

根據科學家聯合會的一項研究，盡管天然氣是一種化石燃料，但燃燒產生的排放物遠少于煤炭和石油。

國際能源署的數據顯示，燃氣發電量在2019年增長了3%，占全球混合能源發電量的23%。