東海和黃海雙斑4個地理群體的形態學變異研究

鄭 偉，賈 翠華，韓志強

(浙江海洋學院水產學院，浙江 舟山 316022)

鄭 偉，賈 翠華，韓志強

(浙江海洋學院水產學院，浙江 舟山 316022)

0 引言

1 材料與方法

1.1 實驗材料

1.2 形態學參數的測定

1.3 數據處理與分析

判別準確率P(%)=(判別個數/群體個數)×100%，

2 結果

2.1 單因素方差分析

表1 雙斑不同群體間15個形態學比例參數的差異

表2 雙斑群體間形態學比例參數的差異系數(C.D.值)

形態學比例參數Morphologyratios膠南/呂泗JN/LS膠南/日照JN/RZ膠南/舟山JN/ZS呂泗/日照LS/RZ呂泗/舟山LS/ZS日照/舟山RZ/ZSC/A0．11310．40990．34360．29580．24230．0230D/B0．01010．21070．13390．31970．19850．1143E/B0．24410．08750．17410．40320．11720．3372F/G0．20030．22080．02460．40570．25120．2373H/B0．23430．38670．15850．20970．11530．3423I/B0．07390．20050．03900．19680．04800．2315J/B0．31810．52830．28690．29040．07150．3918K/B0．18790．45360．19800．43460．02440．3869L/B0．21820．36100．18320．30610．03250．2884M/O0．01100．16620．14460．12780．13160．2599N/O0．08660．18850．13040．25170．05230．2700P/Q0．15610．03160．16990．12560．19600．1754R/S0．26000．25310．19800．01200．53590．5078T/V0．63230．21970．46450．42520．11440．2715U/V0．54240．20070．37250．70900．19890．5598

2.2 聚類分析

2.3 主成分分析

表3 4個雙斑群體的主成分負荷值和特征值

由第一、第二主成分的負荷值繪制成散點圖(見圖3)，從圖3中可以看出膠南漁場群體和日照漁場群體的組質心(group centroid)幾乎完全重疊在一起，表明兩群體間的差異很??；呂泗漁場群體與膠南漁場、日照漁場群體大部分重疊在一起，并且組質心之間距離相隔很短；舟山漁場群體與其他3個群體相隔最遠，但也有部分交疊.主成分分析結果與聚類分析的結果基本相一致.

2.4 判別分析

表4 雙斑4個群體的判別分析結果

判別公式如下：膠南漁場群體：Y=17313.024X1-1277.329X2+1068.367X3+75.734X4+196.031X5+358.608X6-8993.451，舟山漁場群體：Y=17303.460X1-1187.629X2+986.290X3+74.862X4+213.588X5+368.112X6-9002.278，

日照漁場群體：Y=17179.162X1-1114.696X2+957.125X3+80.400X4+210.324X5+350.858X6-8853.837，

呂泗漁場群體：Y=17231.939X1-1183.793X2+992.025X3+58.540X4+213.270X5+364.069X6-8916.627，其中X1代表C/A(內頭胸甲長/頭胸甲長)、X2代表I/B(H狀溝至后緣長/頭胸甲寬)、X3代表J/B(第一側齒間長/頭胸甲寬)、X4代表R/S(第三顎足長節長/第三顎足長節寬)、X5代表T/V(第四步足長節長/第四步足指節寬)、X6代表U/V(第四步足指節長/第四步足指節寬).

根據判別分析獲得兩個典型判別函數，其貢獻率分別為52.7%和35.4%，累計貢獻率為88.1%，表明兩個典型判別函數能夠解釋88.1%的方差變化.利用這兩個典型判別函數繪制散點圖(見圖4).

從圖4中可以看出東海的舟山漁場群體與黃海的日照、膠南和呂泗漁場群體間差異明顯，呂泗漁場群體與黃海的其他兩個群體間出現差異.判別分析的結果與聚類分析和主成分分析的結果高度吻合.

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(責任編輯 朱雪蓮 英文審校 張子平)

Morphological Variation Among Four Populations ofCharybdisbimaculatain the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea

ZHENG Wei,JIA Cui-hua,HAN Zhi-qiang

(Fishery College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Zhoushan 316022,China)

Morphological variation among four geographic populations ofCharybdisbimaculatain Jiaonan,Rizhao,Lvsi and Zhoushan were studied using one way-ANOVA analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and discriminant analysis.One way-ANOVA analysis revealed the difference betweenCharybdisbimaculatafrom different geographical populations.The results of the cluster analysis showed that Euclidean distance between Jiaonan population and Zhoushan population was the largest amongCharybdisbimaculatapopulations while Rizhao population and Jiaonan population was the smallest;cluster analysis indicated that there were morphological differences between the East China Sea population and the Yellow Sea population.The principal component analysis resulted in four principal components,the contributory ratios of the four principal components were 23.685%,16.475%,13.662% and 10.245%,respectively,and the cumulative contributory ratio was 71.657%.Scatter diagram of the principal component indicated that the result of principal component analysis was almost the same with the cluster analysis.The discriminant analysis revealed that the discriminant accuracy of Jiaonan,Rizhao,Lvsi and Zhoushan population were 73.7%,78.6%,36.7% and 56.7%,respectively;and the average discriminant accuracy was 61.4%.The contributory ratios of two canonical discriminant functions established by discriminant analysis were 52.7% and 35.4%,respectively,and the cumulative contributory ratio was 88.1%.The conclusion of the cluster analysis and the principal component analysis was supported by the result of scatter plots of canonical discriminant functions.This research showed that there were morphological differences betweenCharybdisbimaculatapopulations in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.

Charybdisbimaculata;morphological variation;one way-ANOVA analysis;principal component analysis;cluster analysis;discriminant analysis

2013-11-12

[修回日期]2013-12-13 [基金項目]國家自然科學基金項目(41006075)

鄭偉(1990—)，男，碩士生，從事漁業資源生物學研究.通訊作者：韓志強(1981—)，男，副教授，碩士生導師，從事漁業資源生物學和海洋生物分子生態學研究，E-mail：d6339124@163.com.

1007-7405(2014)02-0081-08

S 922.9

A