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詞匯短語園地(二)

2018-11-19 10:55
時代英語·高一 2018年5期
關鍵詞:關聯危險危害

1. reduce vt. 縮減;減少;降低

The new law will reduce the pollution of rivers.

新法將減少河流污染。

(1) reduce by 減少了多少

Production was reduced by twenty percent.

生產減少了20%。(即減少到80%)

(2) reduce to 減少到多少

The number of employees was reduced to 25.

雇員人數減少到25人。

reduction n. 減少;縮??;降低

2. disagree vi. 不同意;不一致;不相符

Even friends disagree sometimes.

即使是朋友,有時也有分歧。

(1) disagree (with sb) about/on/over sth 就某事不同意(某人)

He disagrees with his parents on many things.

他在許多事情上都與父母意見不一致。

I disagree with you about this thing.

對于這件事我跟你意見不同。

(2) sth disagree with sb(尤指食物對某人)不適宜

Ice cream always disagrees with me.

我吃了冰激凌總是感到不舒服。

Do these dishes agree with you?

這些菜合你的口味嗎?

(3) disagree with sth 不贊成;反對

I disagree with violent protests.

我不贊成暴力抗議。

These two reports of the accident disagree with each other.

這兩篇關于事故的報道不一致。

3. recognise vt. 認識;認知;認出

(1) recognise sb/sth (by/from sth) 認識;認出;辨別出

I recognised her by her red hair.

我通過她的紅頭發認出了她。

Do you recognise this tune?

你能聽出這是哪支曲子嗎?

(2) recognise sth as sth 承認;意識到

Drugs were not recognised as a serious problem at that time.

那時候人們還沒有把毒品看成一個嚴重的問題。

(3) be recognised (as sth) 贊賞;看重;公認

The book is now recognised as a classic.

這本書現在是一部公認的經典。

(4) recognise that從句 意識到……

We recognised that the task was difficult.

我們意識到這個任務很困難。

注意:recognise是短暫性動詞,因而不能與表時間段的時間狀語連用。例如,“我認識你三年了?!辈荒芊g為“I have recognised you for three years.”應把recognised改為known。

4. danger n. 危險

(1) 泛指一般意義的“危險”時,通常是不可數名詞。表示做某事的危險或發生某情況的危險等時,通常后接of (doing) sth,而不接不定式。

Is there any danger of fire?

有發生火災的危險嗎?

The children didnt realize the danger of swimming in the river.

孩子們沒有意識到在河里游泳的危險。

注意:通常不說“... the danger to swim in the river”。

(2) in danger (of ) 處于(……的)危險中

He is in danger of losing his life. 他有生命危險。

Were in danger of being hit by a stone.

我們有被石頭砸的危險。

(3) 表示“造成危險的原因、危險的人”或指“威脅、危害”時,是可數名詞。

He is a danger to society.

他對社會是個危險人物。

Do you know the dangers of smoking?

你知道吸煙的危害嗎?

out of danger 脫離危險

5. connection n. 聯系;關系;關聯;連接

(1) in connection with sb/sth 與……有關

He was arrested in connection with this affair.

他因與此事件有關而被拘留。

(2) connection with sth; connection between A and B

(兩種事實、觀念等的)聯系;關聯

He refused to admit any connection with the bombing.

他否認與那起轟炸事件有任何關系。

Scientists have established a connection between heart disease and food.

科學家證實了心臟病與食物有關。

(3) connection to sth 聯結;接通;連接

Connection to the gas supply has been delayed for three days.

接通煤氣已經延遲了三天。

connect vt. 連接;聯系;關聯

connect... with...(使)連接;聯結

connect... to... 使(電源、水等)聯結;接通

be connected with... 與……有聯系

6. likely adj. 可能的

(1) be likely to do... 可能……

Tickets are likely to be expensive.

入場券可能很貴。

She is not likely to come next month.

她下月很可能不來。

(2) Its likely that從句 可能……

Its more than likely that the thieves dont know how much it is worth.

盜賊很可能不知道此物的價值。

7. affect vt. 影響;對……有壞影響

(1) affect表示一般性的“影響”(不分好壞)

This article affected my thinking.

這篇文章影響了我的思想。

Does this change affect your plan?

這個變化影響了你的計劃嗎?

(2) affect也表示“產生不良影響”

Smoking affects health. 吸煙影響健康。

The noise from the street affected our work.

街上的嘈雜聲影響了我們的工作。

8. ban vt. & n.(明令)禁止;取消

The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.

政府已經禁止使用化學武器。

There is a ban on smoking in the theatre.

該劇院內禁止吸煙。

ban sb from (doing) sth

He was banned from (attending) the meeting.

他被取消了出席會議的資格。

9. related to 有關系的;有關聯的

The traffic accident might be related to the rain at that time.

這起交通事故可能與當時的那場雨有關。

Sometimes, crime is related to drug abuse.

犯罪有時與濫用藥物有關。

relate v. 聯系;敘述

relate... to... 把……與……聯系起來

relate... (to sb)(向某人)敘述

She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.

在開始的幾章中,她描述了自己童年的經歷。

relate to sth/sb 涉及;談到;與……相關

The second paragraph relates to the situation in England.

第二段談到英格蘭形勢。

10. break into 破門而入;強行闖入;突然開始

We had to break into the house because we had lost our key.

因為我們弄丟了鑰匙, 所以不得不破門而入。

She broke into tears when I told her the news.

當我告訴她那個消息時,她一下子哭起來。

break in 闖入;打斷;插嘴

break down 出故障;壞掉;失敗

break out 突然開始;爆發

break up 粉碎;破碎;結束

11. belong to 屬于(不用于進行時和被動語態)

Where do these plates belong to? 這些盤子該放在哪里?

(1) belong to sb 屬于某人;歸某人所有

This watch belongs to me.

這塊表是我的。

(2) belong to sth 是……的成員;

是(某族類或綱目)的一部分

Have you ever belong to a political party?

你加入過什么政黨嗎?

Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.

獅子和老虎屬于貓科。

12. give up 戒除;放棄

They gave up without a fight. 他們不戰而降。

You ought to give up smoking. 你應該戒煙。

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