朱秀蘭
【方法一】
當主句謂語動詞是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise 等,后接賓語從句,且從句與主句主語一致時,從句可簡化為不定式結構。如:
Su Feng hopes he will be back very soon.
→ Su Feng hopes to be back very soon. 蘇鋒希望能很快回來。
We decided that we would help him.
→ We decided to help him. 我們決定幫助他。
【方法二】
當主句謂語動詞是know, learn, remember, forget, tell 等動詞時,且主句與從句主語一致時,賓語從句可轉化為“疑問詞+不定式”的結構。如:
She has forgotten how she opened the window.
→ She has forgotten how to open the window. 她已經忘記怎樣打開那扇窗戶了。
當主句謂語動詞是tell, ask, show, teach 等動詞時,且后帶雙賓語,間接賓語和從句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”的結構。如:
Could you tell me how I can get to the station?
→ Could you tell me how to get to the station? 你能告訴我到車站的路嗎?
但是,如果間接賓語與從句主語不一致,一般不要把賓語從句簡化,否則會產生歧義。如:
He didn’t tell me where he would go.
→ He didn’t tell me where to go.
簡化的句子含義可能有以下兩種:“他沒有告訴我他要去什么地方”或“他沒有告訴我我要去什么地方”。
【方法三】
當主句謂語動詞是order(命令),require(需要)等時,如果主句和從句主語不一樣,賓語從句可轉化為“名詞(代詞)+不定式”的結構。如:
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.
→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once. ?校長命令我們立即出發。
【方法四】
在某些動詞后的賓語從句,可以用介詞加動名詞(短語)等其他形式簡化。如:
He insisted that he should go with us.
→ He insisted on going with us. 他堅決認為應該和我們一起去。
The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.
→ The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.
這個可憐的孩子不知道他出生于何時何地。
【方法五】
某些動詞后的賓語從句可轉化為“賓語+v.-ing形式(作賓語補足語)”。如:
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.
→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground. 劉萍發現地上有個錢包。
【方法六】
某些動詞后的賓語從句,也可以用不定式(短語)來簡化,但句型需要進行適當的變化。如:
It seemed that the boys were going to win.
→ The boys seemed to win. 男孩子們看起來要獲勝了。
除上述方法外,還有一些特殊句式的轉化。如:
I found that it was difficult to learn English well.
→ I found it difficult to learn English well. 我發現學好英語很困難。
We found that the ground was covered with thick snow.
→ We found the ground covered with thick snow. 我們發現地面被厚厚的雪覆蓋了。
【鞏固提高】
根據上句完成下句,使兩句意思基本相同或相近。
1. I’ll take back what I said.
I’ll take back_______.
2. The teacher found that the boy was very interested in science.
The teacher found the boy _______science.
3. I really don’t know what I should read.
I really don’t know_______.
4. I forget I have closed the window.
I forget_______the window.