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揭秘so... that.../unless/as soon as 引導的狀語從句

2020-10-26 02:25曹傳緒
考試與評價·八年級版 2020年4期
關鍵詞:否定句逗號主句

曹傳緒

狀語從句在復合句中修飾主句中的謂語動詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句一般由從屬連詞引導。當狀語從句位于句首或句中時,通常用逗號將其與主句隔開。當狀語從句位于句尾時,可以不用逗號隔開。狀語從句分類如下:

[類型 引導詞 時間狀語從句 when, before, after, as, while, as soon as, since, not... until..., whenever等 原因狀語從句 because, as, since等 條件狀語從句 if, unless等 比較狀語從句 as / so... as..., than等 結果狀語從句 so / such... that...等 目的狀語從句 in order that, so that等 讓步狀語從句 although / though, even though / if等 ]

這里著重介紹以下三種狀語從句用法及涉及到的考點:

一、unless引導的條件狀語從句

unless意為“如果不;除非”,相當于if... not。

We

=We

注意:unless和if引導條件狀語從句時,從句常用一般現在時表示將來,而主句則用一般將來時,即遵循“主將從現”原則。

二、as soon as引導的時間狀語從句

as soon as意為“一……就……”,表示從句和主句的動作先后發生,間隔短暫。

The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 老師一進來,學生們就安靜下來了。

注意:as soon as可表示將來的事,這時主句用一般將來時,從句常用一般現在時,即遵循“主將從現”原則。

You

三、so... that...引導的結果狀語從句

so... that...意為“如此……以至于……”,引導結果狀語從句。常見于以下四種結構:

(1) so+形容詞/副詞+that從句。

He ran so fast that we couldn

(2) so+形容詞+a / an+單數名詞+that從句。

It is so interesting a book that I want to read it again. 這本書如此有趣,我還想再讀一遍。

(3) so+many / few+復數名詞+that從句。

He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少,所以他經常感到孤獨。

(4) so+much / little+不可數名詞+that從句。

There was so much work to do that everybody got bored. 有這么多的事要做,人人都感到厭煩了。

注意:such... that...意為“如此……以至于……”,也可以引導結果狀語從句,但such修飾的是名詞。

They are such good students that the teacher likes them. 他們都是很好的學生,所以老師喜歡他們。

四、so... that... / unless / as soon as句型改寫考點

(1) so... that...

so... that...引導結果狀語從句,當that后面接否定句時,可以與“too... to... (太……而不能……)”結構互換。

He was so angry that he couldn

=He was too angry to say a word.

拓展:在so... that...句型中,當主句的主語與that引導的從句的主語一致時,“ so... that+肯定句”句型可與“enough to...”句型互換;“ so... that+否定句”句型可與“too... to...”句型互換。

He was so clever that he could understand what I said. 他很聰明,能聽懂我說的話。

=He was clever enough to understand what I said.

The girl is so young that she can

=The girl is too young to dress herself.

(2) unless

unless意為“如果不……;除非”,引導條件狀語從句,相當于if條件狀語從句的否定形式,即unless=if... not。

Unless you put on your raincoat you

=If you don

(3) as soon as

as soon as意為“一……就……”,其中的從句通常用一般現在時表示將來??梢杂糜诳谡Z和書面語中。它在句中的位置比較靈活,而且可以用于各種時態。

I

As soon as I went in, Tom cried out with pleasure. 我一進去,湯姆就高興地叫了起來。(一般過去時)

as soon as可以用the minute 來改寫。

As soon as I went in, Tom cried out with pleasure.

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