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選擇性必修1第4單元重點詞語歸納

2021-08-14 10:51董云嬌
考試與評價·高一版 2021年5期
關鍵詞:區分安寧例句

董云嬌

1. distinguish vi. & vt. 區分;辨別

【經典例句】

We can distinguish between gold and silver. 我們能區分金和銀。

I could not distinguish her words, but she sounded nervous. 我聽不清她說的話,但聽得出她很緊張不安。

She was distinguished for her ability to make her ideas clear. 她以清晰地表達她的思想的能力而著稱。

【思維拓展】

distinguish between... and... 區分/辨別……和……;distinguish... from... 使……有別于……的特征;區別/辨別……和……;distinguish oneself by... 通過……顯示自己或使自己揚名;distinguish oneself (as...)(作為……)表現突出;be distinguished for... 因……而出名

2. embarrassed adj. 難堪的;尷尬的

【經典例句】

A few students laughed and I think Joe felt embarrassed. 有幾個學生笑了,我想喬感到尷尬了。

A parrot can sometimes make you embarrassed. 鸚鵡有時候會讓人很尷尬。

I felt so embarrassed about my mistake. 我為自己的錯誤感到不好意思。

【思維拓展】

embarrass vt. 使難堪,使局促不安;embarrassing adj. 令人難堪的;embarrassment n. 難堪,困窘;be / feel embarrassed to do sth. 對做某事感到尷尬;be / feel embarrassed about / at sth. 對某事感到難為情/不知所措

3. stare vi. 盯著看;凝視 n. 凝視

【經典例句】

Its rude to stare at others. 盯著別人看是不禮貌的。

He stared at the girl, trying to remember who she was. 他盯著這個女孩,努力想記起她是誰。

The girl stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. 那個女孩對著那張空白紙凝視了幾秒鐘。

【思維拓展】

stare into space 凝視著空中;stare into the distance 凝視著遠方 ;stare straight at 直直地盯著;stare sb. in the face 盯著某人的臉看;stare sb. up and down 上下打量某人

【易混辨析】

stare, glare, glance與 gaze

這些動詞都有“看;瞧”之意。stare指睜大眼睛出神地看或注視,凝視,多出于驚訝、好奇、羨慕等,有時是粗魯無禮的;glare側重含有敵對情緒的“怒視”;glance指快速地“一掃;一瞥”;gaze多指由于喜愛、憧憬或快樂而長時間無意識地注視。

4. adjust vt. 調整;調節 vi. & vt. 適應;(使)習慣

【經典例句】

Adjust your language to the age of your audience. 要根據聽眾的年齡使用相應的語言。

You will quickly adjust yourself to student life. 你將很快適應學生生活。

She adjusted the seat to the height of her son. 她調整座椅到適合兒子的高度。

【思維拓展】

adjustable adj. 可調節的;可調整的;adjustment n. 調整;調節;adjust sth. to sth. 調整……以適應……;adjust to (doing) sth. 適應/習慣(做)某事;adjust oneself to... 使自己適應……;make adjustments to 對……做出調整

5. bother vi. & vt. 費心;麻煩;因……操心 n. 麻煩;不便

【經典例句】

I dont want to bother you with my problems. 我不想因為我的問題而打擾你。

Tom is a bother to his teacher. 湯姆使他的老師大傷腦筋。

It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house. 想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里,我便坐立不安。

【思維拓展】

bother to do sth. 費心去做某事;bother about sth. 為某事煩惱;bother sb. with sth. 為某事麻煩某人;be sorry to bother you, but... 很抱歉打擾你一下,但是……;put sb. to any bother 給某人添亂;without any bother 毫不費力地;It bothers sb. that / to do sth. 使某人苦惱的是……

【易混辨析】

bother, disturb, trouble與annoy

這組詞都表示“使人不得安寧”或“心煩意亂”。bother指干擾別人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安寧,可能是故意的,含有使人討厭的意味;disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一時得不到安寧,精力不能集中,語氣比 bother弱;trouble常指在心情上失去平靜而感到憂慮、苦惱或行動上帶來不便,也常用于禮貌的要求;annoy通常指重復性的行為使(別人)生氣。常用被動,表示為某事煩惱、生氣。

6. in other words 換句話說;也就是說

【經典例句】

In other words, she must give up singing. 換言之,她必須放棄唱歌。

In other words, the ice begins to melt. 換句話說,冰開始融化了。

He became, in other words, a great hero. 換句話說,他成了一位偉大的英雄。

【思維拓展】

in a / one word 總而言之;have a word with sb. 與某人說(私)話;have words with sb. 與某人吵架;keep / break ones word 遵守諾言/失信;beyond words 無法用言語表達;in words 用語言;word came that... 有消息說……

7. get through 通過;完成;接通電話

【經典例句】

I tried to ring my girlfriend, but I couldnt get through. 我試圖給女朋友打電話,可是打不通。

If you keep disturbing him, he will never get through his work. 如果你一直打擾他,他永遠也做不完他的工作。

It took us only a few minutes to get through the Customs. 我們通過海關只花了幾分鐘時間。

【思維拓展】

get across 被理解;使人了解;get down to 認真地靜下心(工作)(to為介詞);get over 克服;get on 進展;進步;get in 收獲;get around / round 到處走動;傳播出去

8. go on繼續(做);進行;發生

【經典例句】

If you go on like this, youll end up in prison. 如果你繼續這樣,早晚得進監獄。

He couldnt afford the money to go on the trip. 他不夠錢去進行這次旅行。

While this conversation was going on, I was listening with earnest attention. 這場對話進行的時候,我聚精會神地聽著。

【思維拓展】

go over 復習;go out 出去;熄滅;go against 違背;違反;go up 上漲;上升;go ahead 前進;干吧;說吧;go without 沒有……也可應付;將就;go through 經歷;經受;完成;通過;檢查;用完

9. vary from... to... 由……到……不等,從……到……變化

【經典例句】

These apples vary in size from small to medium. 這些蘋果的大小從小到中等不同。

Her health varies from good to rather weak. 她的健康狀態不定,有時好,有時極差。

Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school. 各個學校的教學方法大不相同。

【思維拓展】

varied adj. 各種各樣的;變化的;variety n. 不同種類;多樣化;vary in sth. 在某方面不同/有差異;vary with 隨……變化;vary between... and... 從……到……不等;various adj. 各種各樣的;多姿多彩的;a variety of=varieties of 種種

10. figure out 理解;弄明白;計算出

【經典例句】

I cant figure out how to do this. 我弄不懂怎么做這件事。

Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? 旅行要花多少費用你計算出來沒有?

No one could figure out how he got to be so wealthy. 誰也不知道他怎么會變得如此富有。

【思維拓展】

figure on計劃;打算;預料到;it / that figures 有道理;合乎情理;watch ones figure注意保持體形

【鞏固訓練】

根據括號內漢語提示完成句子,每空一詞。

1. That was an ____ (令人尷尬的) situation for me.

2. Our style will ____ ____ (隨著……變化) our changes in mood.

3. ____ ____ ____(換而言之), blogging has brought a higher quality of life to people I know.

4. Its important to ____ (區別) fact from fiction.

5. The two young men ____ ____ ____ (怒視) each other, ready to fight.

6. I cant ____ ____ (弄明白) the meaning of what he said.

7. ____ ____ (停止麻煩) me when Im working.

8. I think you can ____ ____ (完成) the first two chapters.

9. While this conversation ____ ____ ____ (繼續), I was listening carefully.

10. It took him a while to ____ ____ ____ (適應工作) night shifts.

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