Ｕｎｉｔｓ９—１２詞語辨析

1.比較辨析：add, add to, increase與raise

①add：to put something with another thing or a group of things eg:

When the sauce is thick, add the cheese.

②add to something：to make something such as a feeling or a quality greater. eg:

The arrival of five more guests only added to the confusion.

The sight of his children who did not even know their mother had died added to his grief.

看見孩子們，他們還不知道母親已經去世，他感到更加悲痛。

③increase：vi. to become larger in amount or number eg:

Our costs increased dramatically over the last decade.

Their output has increased by three times in a period of six months.

他們的產量在半年當中增加了三倍。

vt. to make something become larger in amount or number

We have managed to increase the number of patients treated.

Sunbathing increases your risk of getting skin cancer.

④raise：vt. to increase in number, amount, or leveleg:

The money could be found by raising income tax by two percent.

They had raised their prices to unreasonable levels.

vt. to improve the quality or standard of something

The aim is to modernize production methods and raise safety standards.

2.比較辨析：feed on, live on, rely on

①feed on（動物）以……為飼料 (if an animal feeds on a particular food, it usually eats that food)eg:

Owls feed on mice and other small animals.

貓頭鷹以老鼠和其它小動物為食。

Cows feed on grass. 牛以草為食。

②live on靠……生活，以……為主食 (to have a particular amount of money to buy food and other necessary things；to eat a lot of a particular type of food)eg:

I dont know how they manage to live on $ 55 a week.

They live on bread and potatoes.

He practically lives on fish and chips!

He lives on fish and potatoes. 他靠吃魚和土豆生存。

③rely on/upon依靠 (to trust or depend on someone or something to do what you need or expect them to do)eg:

I knew I could rely on David.

Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.

Most students rely on their parents to support them financially.

Many people now rely on the Internet for news.

We must rely on our own efforts. 我們必須依靠自己的努力。

3.比較辨析：remind, remember, recall, call up

①remind指某人或某事使主人公“聯想起”另外的人或事，后能接人作賓語。

②remember主要表示還記得、記住了過去發生的事情，指事物自然在腦海中出現。與can連用時，其所接賓語和意義與recall 基本一致。eg:

I cant remember her exact words.

I remember you two couldnt stand each other at first!

I remember my father bringing home a huge Christmas tree.

③recall指有意識的回憶、回想，強調其動作包含有意識的努力或意志，常與can連用。eg:

I seem to recall Ive met him before somewhere.

I dont recall seeing any cars parked outside.

I cant recall who gave me the information.

④call up使人回憶起某事，后面一般跟回憶起的內容作賓語。eg:

These are stories that call up old times. 這是些使人懷舊的故事。

4.比較辨析：suggestion, advice, proposal與opinion

suggestion：“建議”或“意見”，比advice較委婉客氣，特指為了改進或解決問題而提出的辦法，常有“不一定正確，提出供對方參考”之意。

advice：an opinion you give someone about what they should do

著重提意見的人比對方有更多的知識經驗?？捎糜卺t生給患者的“勸告”，老者講給新手的“經驗之談”，老師對學生的“忠告”等，目的是為了幫助別人而提出的“意見”。eg:

Theres lots of advice in the book on baby care.

opinion：your ideas or beliefs about a particular subject指對一般事物的“意見”、“看法”。eg:

Its a terrible shame, in my opinion, that the building was knocked down.

proposal：a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group. 正式提出的“建議”。eg:

The governments proposals for regulation of the industry have just been made.

填空：

The two women had very different ____ about drugs.

The French government has approved ____ for a new waste law.

Could you give me some ____ about buying a home?

Keys:opinions, proposals, advice

5.比較辨析：desire，hope與wish

desire與hope均指可以實現的事情，但desire表示“熱切的希望”、“強烈的愿望”，語氣較強；wish多指難以實現的愿望。

Hes very late, but we still ____ he will come.

他遲遲未到，但我們依然希望他會來。

We always ____ to live in peace with our neighbours.

我們總是希望與鄰居和睦相處。

We ____ each other the best of luck in the examination.

(1991全國)但愿我們在考試中都有好運氣。

Keys:desire, hope, wish

6.比較辨析：power, force與strength

它們都含有“力、力量”的意思。

power重“權力、能力”；force重“武力、暴力”；strength重“體力”。

He did it with a great force. 他用了很大的力才把它做完了。

She didnt even have the strength to stand up.

她甚至連站起來的力氣也沒有了。

She lost her power of speech. 她失去了說話的能力。

In the end he had to be thrown out of the house by force.

最后他被用暴力趕出了那個房子。